Reproductive rights are human rights. There is clear consensus by UN human rights treaty bodies and independent experts that human rights protections in areas including access to contraception, maternal health care, infertility care, and abortion are essential to achieving good health,gender equality, and empowering people1 to determine their futures. Less clear is how this wide recognition of reproductive rights as human rights might influence national jurisprudence to protect the reproductive rights of people in marginalized communities, including people living in poverty, as well as people of color, immigrants, people with disabilities, and other people experiencing multiple and intersecting forms of discrimination. Abortion access in the United States offers an important point of inquiry for this analysis. In the United States, poverty disproportionately impacts marginalized communities. For people with marginalized identities, discrimination and poverty are often inter-related, threatening multiple human rights at once and leaving them more vulnerable to poor reproductive health outcomes and violations of their reproductive rights. UN human rights experts have issued numerous findings and recommendations with respect to reproductive rights violations in the United States and access to abortion for women living in poverty, in particular.2 Crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, only heighten the inequities and challenges that people living in poverty face in accessing abortion in the United States. Yet, U.S. constitutional law offers limited protection for people living in poverty to access abortion care. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that the government is not required to fund abortions under federal or state Medicaid programs. More generally, while the U.S. Supreme Court has repeatedly affirmed the constitutional right to abortion established in Roe v. Wade,3 including more recently in Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt,4 it has not interpreted the U.S. Constitution to impose affirmative obligations on the government to protect economic and social rights, including reproductive health care access.