Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when taken orally, survive passage through the GI tract to apply a beneficial consequence. It has been suggested that probiotics have a significant role in the treatment and/or prevention of cancer. When probiotics are ingested in sufficient amounts, they supply health benefits to the host. “Probiotic” refers to viable microorganisms that promote or support a beneficial balance of the microbial population of the gastrointestinal tract (Holzapfel et al., 2001; Homayouni et al., 2008a,b). In addition to improving gut health (FAO/WHO, 2001; Homayouni, 2009), immunity (Galdeano et al., 2007), and protection against harmful microorganisms (Soccol et al., 2010), probiotics have been documented to exert other health-promoting effects by several mechanisms, such as anticarcinogenic properties (Bengmark et al., 1998; Mack et al., 1999; Homayouni et al., 2012a,b) and the prevention of cancer, especially colon and bladder (Sanders, 2006; Homayouni, 2008).